Achivements of the babylonians essays

Achivements of the babylonians essays Now, what remains is a large area of ruins east of the Euphrates River in central Iraq was once the was the great metropolis and cultural core of western unrivaled in prestige for over two thousand years and becoming one of the largest known cities in the world at the time1. Babylonia enduring from 1790 BC to 539 BC has bequeathed the modern world in countless ways. By expanding the work of the Sumerians that preceded it, the Babylonians made numerous achievements used in every-day life such as the 24-hour day, 60-minute hour, the 60-second minute, the 360 degree circle and the 12 month year. The Code of Hammurabi, the earliest law code written is another one of the Babylonians great legacies. As the last ruler of the 3rd Dynasty of Ur was taken captive by the Elamites, a long bitter feud began between the kingdom of Sumer and Akkad. When the two cities started to collapse and lose its integrity as a result of the civil war, the city of Isin began to take advantage of the troubles stirring amongst the two kingdoms in an attempt to take control. However, Isins authority was challenged by the southern city of Larsa, which eventually conquered Isin through the king Rim-Sin in 1790. Even so, Rim-Sins victory was overshadowed and short-lived as ruler Hammurabi from the northern city of Babylon came to fore. With incisive diplomacy and militarily leadership, Hammurabi defeated Rim-Sin, as well as the kings of Elam, Mari, and Eshnunna. The Babylonian empire is said to begin through the leadership of Hammurabi. As king, Hammurabi devoted much of his energy into protecting its people and governing the empire. Throughout his long reign he personally supervised the flow of irrigation, agriculture, tax collection, and the erection of many temples and other buildings. Although, Hammurabi was a successful military leader and administer, he is best-known for promulgating his code of laws, known as the Code ...

10 Celebrities with College Degrees

10 Celebrities with College Degrees While not every successful person has one, a college degree is still a treasured and safe choice for your future. Whether you will work in the field you studied for or not, having a higher education can open a lot of doors for you. It is one of the most common ways of proving dedication, learning abilities and intellectual interests. Even celebrities recognize the value of a certification. In this article, we will look at a list of famous college graduates which will show that, even if you aim for unconventional paths, education can provide safe opportunities for you to be able to follow them. More than that, some of the people on this list still appreciated education so much that they continued it even after having a breakthrough in their careers. Here are 10 famous people with degrees in our new blog post. 1. Natalie Portman Psychology One of the best-known celebrities with college degrees is Natalie Portman. When she was well on her way to becoming a big movie star, she still focused on her studies. In 2003, she graduated with a degree in Psychology from Harvard, declaring that smartness was a more important goal than fame. It wasnt the first time she missed out on public activities due to education either, seeing how she skipped even the premiere of her Star Wars film in order to focus on exams. As a student, she was also involved in various research studies, making her one of the most academically impressive stars today. 2. Emma Watson English Literature In a similar fashion to our first choice, Emma Watson could have very well focused on acting and disregard education. But she didnt. Managing studies and a hectic professional life at the same time, she earned a degree in English Literature from Brown University in 2014. 3. Chris Martin (Coldplay Lead Singer) Greek and Latin When it comes to musicians with college degrees, Chris Martin is a fine example. Graduating the University of London with a degree in Greek and Latin with honors, he wouldve had proper backup plans in case his music career hadnt been successful. 4. Eva Longoria Kinesiology Eva Longoria earned a Bachelor of Science in kinesiology from the Texas AM University-Kingsville. In 2013, she also received her masters in Chicano Studies from California State University, Northridge. 5. James Franco English Another one of the many actors with degrees, James Franco has been outspoken when it comes to his interest in education. Following withdrawal from UCLA when trying to pursue acting, he re-enrolled as an English Major with a focus on Creative Writing in 2006. He later attended Columbia University for their MFA Writing Program. He has taught film classes at New York University, the University of Southern California and UCLA. 6. Arnold Schwarzenegger International Marketing And Business Did Arnold Schwarzenegger go to college? Yes, he did. While you may know him as a body-builder and a movie star, he did give attention to his education, receiving a degree in International Marketing and Business from the Univeristy of Wisconsin-Superior. 7. Will Ferrell Sports Information Not all actors with college degrees studied acting, as weve seen. Will Ferrell received a Bachelors in Sports Broadcasting from the University of Southern California in 1990. 8. Tina Fey Drama Tina Fey has attended the University of Virginia, pursuing creative endeavors such as acting and playwriting, something that has proven to be a valuable experience. In 1992, she earned a Bachelors degree in Drama. 9. Gerard Butler Law Gerard Butler graduated the University of Glasgow with a degree in Law. He even worked as a trainee lawyer, which turned out not to be a good fit for his life ambitions. It wasnt until a few years later, time in which he worked odd jobs and pursued acting, that he had his breakthrough. 10. Hugh Laurie Archaeology and Anthropology An extremely respected actor, both by his native UK and the international audience, it may surprise you to hear that he was studying archaeology and anthropology at the University of Cambridge before venturing into acting. The universitys dramatic club was the place where he met frequent collaborators Stephen Fry and Emma Thompson, launching all their careers. If theres one thing that these famous college graduates show, its that education can provide value for everyone. Its a safe way that will help you pursue your dreams, regardless of whether they are related to the degree followed or not. Making a decent living will always be a better start. And if you ever have struggled with academic papers - contact one of thistop writing websites list.

Traditional Way and Agile Way of Management Essay

Traditional Way and Agile Way of Management - Essay Example Iterative or agile method involves incremental development. The system and the process is gradually built and has an advantage over other methods. For instance, if there is a need to modify the management process or the direction of the system needs to go through sudden abrupt changes; agile management system has a better chance to cater for the change then other methods. One relatively rigid method is ‘waterfall method’.In comparison with the agile project management, the waterfall method uses clearly (or with less flexibility) defined deliverables for the life cycle of the project. The higher management of a company performs a complete audit of the system before it is incorporated into the project management. Agile project management method cuts the processing time considerably. Projects that took months to complete in the past are being accomplished within weeks or days. This project managing method modifies the conventional iteration processes waterfall and makes the m more flexible and advanced.Despite the fact that agile management is rarely used to manage a mega project, it is no less crucial than the conventional of traditional project management methods and tools. A mega project can be divided into several parts and then these small parts can then be governed and managed by agile management. That is why a collage of management methods and tactics are incorporated in one project. The core difference between agile and traditional project management rests in their estimating techniques.

Aviation Law Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Aviation Law Assignment - Essay Example In the Warsaw Convention chapter, three expounds three types of assertions to which liability confers: The claims based on individual injuries (Article 17), those based on damaged or lost luggage (Article 18) and those based on costs due to delays in the course of transportation (Article 19). Article 17 clearly states conditions that an international air transporter can have liability for damages to passengers. It provides that the transporter is only liable for injury sustained by a bodily harm to a passenger, their hurting, or the incident of death. Another way is if the mishap that caused the harm took place in the airplane or in the sequence of any operations of boarding and disembarking. Under the same Article, an air carrier is solitarily liable for passenger harm when the three circumstances are met: The occurrence of a mishap, in which the traveler succumbs to death, physical harm, or physical expression of the injury and the misfortune must have taken place inside the plane in the occurrence of operation of boarding and landing. Article 18 clearly explains that a transporter will have responsibility for injury sustained from obliteration or damage to any checked properties, if the incidence took place in the course of the transportation by flight. In relation to Article 19, a carrier will have accountability in the event of injury caused by delay in carriage of passengers by flight, and their goods, or baggage. In relation to Article 25, a carrier need not be obliged to avail themselves of the requirements of the Warsaw Convention. That exclude or limit their accountability when it is presented that the carrier has caused the loss suffered by the applicant was triggered by the carrier’s misconduct, as defined in the Law of forum.4 The Warsaw Convention impedes passengers from upholding an action for costs for personal harm under local law once the claim does not gratify the Convention’s conditions for carrier’s obligation for inter national air carriage. In article 29, Warsaw convention it outlines a two-year decree of restrictions. In this article, the right to compensations will be dismissed if no action is done accordingly within the first two years from the arrival date at the destination, or when the aircraft should have arrived, or when the transportation stopped.5 â€Å"The Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage by Air drafted in Montreal known as Montreal Convention amended the Warsaw Convention†.6 In relation to the Montreal Convention, a carrier holds liability for any damage incurred in the occurrence of bereavement or body injury of a passenger with the condition that the accident that caused the harm or demise occurred on the plane or in the course of operations of boarding or debarking. This convention only applies to worldwide carriage of individuals, luggage, or cargo that originates in one of the state’s gathering to the Convention and dismisse s in that of an alternative. The Montreal convention has been labelled as an agreement that is beneficial mainly to passengers than airlines in contrast to the Warsaw Convention. The Montreal Convention offers four conditions that may be used by a court to base its authority. A complainant may take an action in the U.S for compensations in relation to the

Chronic Pancreatitis Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Chronic Pancreatitis - Term Paper Example General Description Chronic Pancreatitis (CP) is a heterogeneous, progressive disorder of the pancreas characterized by a spectrum of symptoms pain, inflammation, diabetes mellitus, and pancreatic damage leading to significant loss of both endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas (Witt and associates, 2007; DiMagno & Dimagno, 2006). Pathology involves fibrosis in the pancreatic parenchyma that manifests irregularly. Other organs in the vicinity are also affected as consequence of the disease that may commence as an individual or a group of symptoms resulting from functional impairment of pancreas. The major clinical symptom of the disease is recurring or persistent pain within the abdomens. The chief cause of CP in the western world is alcohol abuse leading to alcoholic calcific pancreatitis (ACP). The other form of CP known as tropical calcific pancreatitis (TCP) prevalent in tropical countries is of uncertain etiology (Lee, 2011). Based on the risk factors CP is classified by the TIGAR-O (Toxic-metabolic, Idiopathic, Genetic, Autoimmune, Recurrent and severe acute, Obstructive) classification system (Nair tet al., 2007). Figure 1: Anatomy of the pancreas (http://www.britannica.com/bps/media-view/68636/1/0/0) Pancreas: Normal Physiology Pancreas is a retroperitoneal structure in the upper abdomen that can broadly be divided into head, body, and tail (figure 1). A major portion of pancreatic tissue comprises of acini (80%) that are responsible for the exocrine functions of the pancreas. Groups of aciniform spherical lobules that are interspersed with connective tissue. The central ducts of each lobule in which the secretions of the surrounding acinar cells accumulate, join to extralobular ducts that finally drain into the main pancreatic duct. The main pancreatic duct carrying the secreted digestive enzymes enters the hepatopancreatic ampulla along with bile duct. At the duodenal papilla, the enzymes enter the duodenum (Adda et al., 1984). The endocrine functions of the pancreas are performed by the richly vascularized islets of Langerhans. The islets of Langerhans comprise of beta, alpha and delta cells that secrete hormones insulin, glucagon, somatostatin respectively. The most abundant beta cells (73-75%) are centrally located and are surrounded by alpha cells (18-20%) and delta cells (4-6%). The rich vascularization allows for the transfer of hormones from the islets while the specific arrangement of the alpha, beta and delta cells allows paracrine regulation of hormones. Thus high concentrations of the insulin secreted by the central beta cells inhibit glucagon release from the peripheral alpha cells. The venous blood flow from the islets of Langerhans reaches the hepatic portal vein, rendering the liver the prime target for the impact of pancreatic hormones. The rich innervations of the pancreas ensure the release of several neurotransmitters in the pancreas that regulate the release and concentrations of hormones (Case, 200 6). During normal physiology, in the basal state, the secreted pancreatic fluid is mildly alkaline comprising a few proteins. Gastric distension and acid production during eating stimulate duodenal S cells causing the release of secretin. Under the influence of the secretin, a large quantity of the bicarbonate-rich watery liquid or the hydraulic secretion is released from the ductal cells of the smaller ducts.  

Learning Styles Is Significant To Student Nurses Nursing Essay

Learning Styles Is Significant To Student Nurses Nursing Essay In my own understanding, learning style is defined as how individuals prefer to learn or their steady way of responding and using stimuli in the aims of improving their learning. According to Keefe (1979) learning style is defined as the composition of cognitive, affective and psychological behaviour that serves as an indicator of how an individual perceives, interacts with and responds to the learning environment. There are numerous definitions to the perspective of learning style. Sims and Sims (1995) also stated that learning style helps in providing means for developing systematic understanding of how to absorb, retain and process the content of information. In difference, Moseley, Hall Ecclestone (2004) stated that the diverse experiences of individuals learning can be difficult to measure to how best an individuals learning styles is determined. This learning style has been majorly stated to allow individuals to learn through the experiences thereby helping different people to organise and manage their own learning (Goldfinch Hughes, 2007).Understanding learning styles supports student nurses in comprehending the value of learning and developing the skills needed to practice. It is important for an individual to know their learning style because it helps to build and produce effective team work as well as to strengthen self-confidence. Learning styles have been an aid to reflection as it helps nurses to reflect appropriately on the care of the patients. Without learning styles for nursing students, it can be quite challenging to reflect on a situation as reflection stages involve thinking and learning in order to produce a better outcome. OCarroll Park (2007) also stated that reflection has become a key learning tool for practice based professions such as nursing. This simply means nurses are expected to reflect at all times based on the kind of care that is given and also to reflect on any areas of improvement, and if the right care is given to the right patients to provide a good standard of care. According to Cottrell (2003) learning is a multi-faceted process involving an individuals learning history, the environment and the interaction in between. It is therefore based on the styles that are being used to acquire new knowledge and skills (Lesmes-Anel, Robinson Moody, 2001).Another use of understanding learning styles for student nurses is for strategy how to overcome problematic situations and also to be more competent when qualified. For example if a student nurse have knowledge about their learning style, they will be able to look for the environment that best suit them as an individuals and would be able to work effectively within a team and other interdisciplinary team successfully . Student nurses will also be able to target areas that need improvement by identifying the areas that are more difficult or a weakness so as to set up a strategy to deal with it for a better outcome, to get more out of education career and to be able to deliver good standard of care to patient. To sum up usefulness of knowing learning style to student nurses it makes learning stress-free, more effective and reduces the chance of anxiety. It also saves student nurses undertaking learning on a hit-and-miss basis, becoming an outstanding learner, increases flexibility and helps to learn from a wide variety of different understanding which can be recognized, informal, planned and unplanned. Learning styles will also enable student nurses to improve and develop learning skills. In addition, it increases awareness of how we learn, opens up the whole process to self-scrutiny and improvement. In Honey questionnaire (2006), the author identifies four learning preferences which are Activist, Reflector, Theorist and Pragmatist. My dominant learning style indicated to be a theorist in the formative work. The answer to the questionnaire also shows that my score was also strong for both pragmatist and reflector as a learning preference. While in activist learning style found a low score indicating underdevelopment of my learning style. According to Alghasham (2012) learners predominantly possess different strengths of learning preferences; therefore being dominant in one area does not ultimately imply weakness in the other areas. In the study by Lesmes-Anel, Robinson Moody (2001) found that learners are predominantly reflector-pragmatist compared with trainers as reflector-theorist. Being a theorist according to Honey questionnaire I learn most easily from activities where I have the chance to question and probe practice, I am also stretched by analysing a complex situation by working with people who ask searching for searching similar answers. I adapt and assimilate observations into complex and logically sound theories; I also think problems through stage- by-stage and tend to be perfectionists who like to fit things into a clear structure. The activities that allow a theorist to benefit from the learning process for me as a student nurse are situations where there is a chance to discover the association and the interrelationship between ideas, events and situations. For example, being a theorist allows me to learn best by contributing in class activities which means taking part in good effective communication and it has enabled me to seek for information by asking questions to stimulate others participation and also to understand the coherent and the assumptions of the theories. Conversely, the difficulty here is in the case where there are activities without background information or apparent purpose which will impair my learning and where I feel myself out of tune with other participants, for example when with lots of activist or people of lower intellectual competence. (Honey Mumford, 1986). Evaluating my learning style as an activist has indicated under-developed style in my learning. Having this style will improve my ability to experience new skills by working as an individual. I will have to develop the aspect of my weaker style which is activist to support my learning on the programme and in my career as a nurse by being able to learn from new experiences as learning needs; I will also be prepared to take risk by going outside the comfort zone of what is identified and experiment new and unfamiliar routine and developments. According to Heidari and Galvin (2003) activist learner is an action learning where the learner becomes independent in the learning process thereby contributing to the team. For this to be achieved increasing the independent learning and reduce my day to day routine work which In this case action plan requiring daily tasks will be applied. Honey and Mumford (1986) expressed a pragmatist learner learns best through existing activities that allows the individual to try out. This way learner has the tendency to have the opportunity to practice what they have learnt. In this case, being a pragmatist enable me to take part in activities by effort to follow instructions from lectures, colleagues, authors mentors and nurses on placement who have the theoretical and practical experience to share with. For example, during my first placement I had the opportunities to practice under supervision on how to take out cannulation using the Aseptic Non Touch Techniques (ANTT) to remove cannula and Nasogastric tube in both men and women. This assisted in building myself confidence I needed and also promotes self-regulation of clinical reasoning skills. On the other hand, Honey Mumford (2000) found that it can be difficult for the learner in situations where the learner cannot see significant reward from the activities. In this case, it will be best for me as a student nurse to link theory to practice by asking questions to clarify points being made to develop my understanding. Jasper (2003) expressed reflector as an individual who has the experiences of standing back and looking at a situation from different perspective. Having a high score as a reflector in the questionnaire, shows I will enjoy activities which involve watching, observing and listening to people during group discussion and lecturing session. There also the tendency to think about what has happened or learnt by relating new ideas or information to the past experience and then to examine them (Howatson-Jones, 2010). Learning as a reflector will enables me as a student nurse to be thoughtful and consider all possible areas and implications of obtaining detailed information before making decision (Honey Mumford, 1986). In conclusion learning style is beneficial for student nurses because it allows individuals to reflect on the past, present and future. It has also indicated my dominant learning style and I was able to identify my weaker style which has aided me to provide an action plan that will equip me to learn from a wide variety of experiences for me to be able to deliver good standard of care to patients now and in future. Annotated bibliography Jasper, M. (2003). Beginning reflective practice. Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes Ltd. This book introduces what reflective practice is all about, importance of reflection, how to reflect both individually and with others, approach of individual learning as well as developing professional practice. It also demonstrates skills necessary for effective practice, benefits of successful reflection to pre-registration and on-going professional development portfolios. The book will also enable student nurses to develop the practical skills necessary to reach the standards for registration as practitioners and make an awareness of individual knowledge, skills and your limitations so as to be competent. Honey, P. Mumford, A. (2006). The learning style questionnaire. Maidenhead: Peter Honey Publication. This learning style questionnaire was given in class and the content of the book explain different definition of learning, focuses on learning styles preferences and helps to see how an awareness of our preferences can help to become more effective learner. It also helps identify our preferred styles and enhance our learning efficiency by guiding us towards learning opportunities that will best suit our partialities. The questionnaire also have 40 learning style question to answer and clarify individual preferred ways of learning so that discrete people will be in a better position to select experiences that suits their style. The book is as used to broaden people scope by strengthening underutilised styles and being able to write essay on how to develop an aspect of our weaker style to support individual learning on the programme. Madeline O Carroll Alistair P. (2007). Essential mental health nursing skills: Elsevier publications. This book will help individual to recognize the skills and resources that students already have and show how these can be developed into the essential skills needed for nursing in health practice environment. The book also identifies four essential skills that are essential to nursing practice and these skills are the ability to form therapeutic relationships, observations, taking on different roles and reflection. Part of the book section focuses on the process of care and provides background in which the essential skills is applied and also covers assessment, care delivery, communication, improving physical wellbeing and managing care. Howatson-Jones, L. (2010). Reflective practice in nursing. Exeter: Learning Matters. This book discussed what reflection is, benefit of reflection, it also state a valued accumulation to the transforming nursing practice and emphasis on reflective practice in the NMC standards for pre-registration nursing education. The book provides method for developing logical skills through different way of using personal and professional reflection for learning and developing as a practitioner. The book is an aid to reflect as well as ways to assimilate personal reflective insight and a means of helping to advance nursing knowledge in more diverse ways. Heidari, F. Galvin, K. (2003). Action learning group: Can they help students develop their knowledge and skills? Nurse Education in Practice, 3, 49-55. This article explain what reflection is, acknowledged three stages to promote reflection which one has to go through, it also indicates ways to help student nurses how to reflect that can be used once qualified and when training. The article also talk about the important of reflective practice as learning resources for education is growing and reflecting on their own personal development as well as sharing the improvement. To sum up the article states the aim of action learning groups (ALGs) and evaluates importance, weakness and strength of the book to student nurses. Lesmes-Anel, J., Robinson, G. Moody, S. (2001). Learning preferences and learning styles: a study of Wessex general practice registrars. British Journal of General Practice, 51, 559-564. This British journal of general practice states learning experiences generate during the year in practice and the aim of this journal are to determine for the general practice registrars the nature of their learning preferences, learning styles and relationships between them. The journal also introduces what learning styles is and how honey and Mumford questionnaire establish the learning styles of 63 general practice learners in their year of practice and how experienced trainers react very differently to identical learning experiences during the year in practice. Finally this journal describe activist as having experiences, reflector as reviewing experiences, theorist as concluding from experience and pragmatist as planning the next steps. REFRENCES Alghasham, A. A. (2012). Effect of students learning styles on classroom performance in problem-based learning. Medical teacher, 34 14-19. Coffield, F., Moseley, D., Hall, E. Ecclestone, K. (2004). Learning style and pedagogy in post-16 learning: a systematic and critical review. London: Learning skills research centre. Goldfinch, J. Hughes, M. (2007). Skills, learning stayles and success of first-year undergraduates. London: Sage Publications. Heidari, F. Galvin, K. (2003). Action learning group: Can they help students develop their knowledge and skills? Nurse Education in Practice, 3, 49-55. Honey, P. Mumford, A. (1986) Manual of Learning Styles. Maidenhead: Peter Honey Publication. Honey, P. Mumford, A. (2000). The learning style questionnaire. Maidenhead: Peter Honey Publication. Honey, P. Mumford, A. (2006). The learning style questionnaire. Maidenhead: Peter Honey Publication. Howatson-Jones, L. (2010). Reflective practice in nursing. Exeter: Learning Matters. Jasper, M. (2003). Beginning reflective practice. Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes Ltd. Keefe, J. W. (1979). Learning style: an overview. In J. W. Keefe (eds.). Student learning style: Diagnosing and prescribing programs. Reston: NASSP. OCarroll, M Park, A. (2007). Essential mental health nursing skills: Elsevier publications.

Total Quality Management In Construction Essay -- essays research pape

Total Quality Management In Construction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The major new element in world market competition is quality. During the 1970's and 1980's, the Japanese and their U.S. companies demonstrated that high quality is achievable at lower costs and greater customer satisfaction. It was the result of using the management principles of total quality management (TQM). More and more U.S. companies have demonstrated that such achievements are possible Using TQM as a new way to manage. Such companies also found that they were recognized with everyone pulling in the same direction. Improvement had become a way of live.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Improving competitive position and profit has always been the responsibility of management. Before the 1980's, U.S. management was broadly successful. Until then the dominant management model was that of the autocrat. Management, primly senior management, decided how the business was to operate, including what the policies and objectives were; how it was organized; what jobs were established; and how should they be done. It was an unquestioned axiom that if everyone did what the upper management required, the business would be successful.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Organizations are composed of the people in them and the managers who lead them. People respond strongly to leadership expectations and rewards. If they are given little power in their jobs, they have little interest in improving them. If leaders exhort the members for better output but reward (promotions, bonuses, recognition) for mostly higher output, they get the behavior they reward. Quantity over quality has been a common management philosophy in the United States.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first step in implementing TQM requires the an upper-management change in both philosophy and behavior. Managers must adopt the objectives of customer satisfaction and continuous improvement. They must implement the change to achieve these objectives through their personal and continuous involvement and in the reeducation of everyone in the organization in TQM principles and practices. The past philosophy of management can work reasonably well if a company dominates world markets. When markets become complex and worldwide with more and stronger competitors, a new model is needed. Asian companies and some in the United States have demonstra... ...d competent people, let them do there job. No one knows about the job than the person directly involved with it. 8.Training   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The outcome of training is modified behavior. It may be enhanced interpersonal skills or specific manual skills, but there is a direct, identifiable modification. Training need not consist solely of traditional classroom instruction. Employees can train other employees very effectively.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A company-wide curriculum should be developed that address the needs of each department. Courses should be just long enough to be effective. Anything over three or four days is unlikely to immediately be absorbed into daily work habits. Immediate reinforcement of the training is necessary to be effective. Bibliography 1. R. Stein, The Next Phase of Total Quality Management., Macel Dekker, Inc.,1994. 2. T. Cartin, Principles and Practices of TQM., ASQC Quality Press.,1993. 1. W. Schmidt and J. Finnigan, TQManager., Jossey-Bass Publishers., 1993. 1. B.Brocka and S. Brocka, Quality Management: Implementing The Best Ideas Of the Masters. Irwin, Inc.,1992. 2. H. Kerzner, Project Managment., Van Nostrand Reinhold.,1992.

Chapter 3 Pathology Questions

Chapter 3 Review Questions: 1. What is meant by the following terms: Homologous chromosomes- A matched pair of chromosomes, one derived from each parent. Both members of the pair are similar in size, shape, and appearance, except for sex chromosomes. Autosomes- The general term for chromosomes other than the sex chromosomes. Sex chromosome- The X and Y chromosomes that determine genetic sex. Barr body- The inactivated X chromosome that appears as a small, dense mass of chromatin attached to the nuclear membrane of somatic cells.This structure can be identified in the cells of a normal female and is called a sex chromatin body or Barr body after the man who first described it. Gene- Are segments of DNA chains that determine some property of the cell and are the basic units of inheritance. Sometimes, they are described as being arranged along the chromosome like beads on a string. Gametogenesis- A specialized type of cell division that occurs during the development of the eggs (ova) an d sperm. The development of mature eggs and sperm from precursor cells.Centrosome- A small region of cytoplasm adjacent to the nucleus that contains the centrioles and serves to organize microtubules. 2. How does the process of mitosis compare with meiosis? In mitosis, each of the two new cells (called the daughter cells) resulting from the cell division receives the same number of chromosomes that were present in the precursor cell (called the parent cell). In meiosis, the number of chromosomes is reduced so that the daughter cells receive only half of the chromosomes possessed by the parent cell. This process is not completed until fertilized by the sperm. . What are the differences between spermatogenesis and oogenesis? First, four spermatozoa are produced from each precursor cell in spermatogenesis, but only one ovum is formed from each precursor cell in oogenesis. The other three â€Å"daughter cells† derived from the meiotic divisions are discarded as polar bodies. Seco nd, spermatogenesis occurs continually and is carried through to complation in about 2 months. Consequently, seminal fluid always contains relatively â€Å"fresh† sperm. In contrast, the oocytes are not produced continually.All of the oocytes present in the ovary were formed before birth and have remained in a prolonged prophase of the first meiotic division from fetal life until they are ovulated. 4. What is a chromosome karyotype? How is it obtained? How is it used? A chromosome karyotype is an arrangement of chromosomes from a single cell arrangement in pairs in descending order according to size of the chromosomes and the positions of the centromeres. A chromosome karyotype is obtained by culturing cells in a suitable medium. Usually, human blood is used as a source of cells for these studies; the blood lymphocytes can be induced to undergo mitotic division.Certain chemicals are added to stop the mitotic division after the chromosomes have become separate and distinct, an d consequently , many cells arrested in mitosis accumulate in the culture medium. Additional methods are employed to cause swelling of the cells, which are then prepared, and the chromosomes can be examined. The chromosomes are then arranged according to their size, the location of the centromere, the relative lengths of the chromatids that extend outward from the centromere, and the pattern of light and dark bands along the chromosomes.Then the separated chromosome from one cell are photographed and arranged into a karyotype. The presence of abnormalities in chromosome number or structure can be detected this way. 5. What is the MHC? What is its function? What is its relationship to disease susceptibility? The MHC is the major histocompatibility complex. The antigens present on cells are determined by a cluster of genes on chromosome 6. This group of genes, which was first determined in laboratory animals in connection with transplantation experiments, is called the MHC.Originally, MHC proteins were considered of interest only with respect to organ transplantation because transplantation of cells containing MHC proteins different from those of the transplant recipient was followed by rejection of the transplant unless the immune system was suppressed. They take part in generating immune responses to foreign antigens of all types. The interaction of the HLA antigens with the various cells of the immune system is considered in the discussion on immunity, hypersensitivity, allergy, and autoimmune diseases. 6.What is a haplotype? How are haplotypes inherited by children from their parents? What are the chances that two children will have the same haplotype? A haplotype is a set of HLA genes on one chromosome and is transmitted as a unit. Each child receives one of two possible haplotypes from each parent. Because of the way in which chromosomes are transmitted from parent to child, the child has any of four different combinations of HLA haplotypes. There is one i n four probability that two children will both possess the same pair of HLA haplotypes.

American Ethnic Literature Essay

American Literature has been an important part of American people for centuries. What makes this type of literature great is that the authors vision is objective and not one sided. Several of the American authors are still considered to be great writers. The books that were written by these authors are still read by people of all ages around the United States. These books are now considered classic literature. American literature is considered American because it was written by American people. Overall, â€Å"editors appear to use an inconsistent combination of citizenship, geographical location, language, and subject matter (that is, the subject of America and the United States) (Hames- Garcia, p. 1, 2003). Most of the American literature was written by white men. In order to be considered American literature it has to be about the United States. There have been many great authors that write about science fiction, but because it is unreal their literature is not considered American literature. Politics also played an important role in literature. It was of great importance to portray the American character as an â€Å"exceptional entity† (Hames-Garcia, p. 1, 2003). In the early twentieth century, writers who were not American white men were not allowed to publish their works. Women writers as well as Black, Latino, American Indian, and immigrant writers were left out altogether. This happened because other ethnic groups were considered to be inferior. It was until the 1970s that feminist began to speak out and rebel against the oppression they were faced with. It is thanks to this reform that the American literature holds diversity. It allows for men and women to have the same opportunity to express their feelings without having to worry about their race or sex. Another type of literature is ethnic literature. This type of literature is often read as an autobiography, even when making no such claims. This is written on a first person point of view. The author’s point of view is specific to their personal beliefs and life stories. It is difficult for this type of author to provide an objectionable story. They are blinded by anger because of what they had to live. The topics these authors write about covers racism and suppression. The definitions and topics will vary depending on the life experiences that each author or their families experienced. The storyline will also vary because each author lived different time periods, and of course things change over time. Ethnic Literature is great because it now holds different point of views. Every person has a different perspective on what happens around them. What allows for this to be great is that each person is entitled not only to have their own belief, but they are able to express their feelings with freedom. No person is afraid of what repercussion might come because they decided to write from their heart. The truth allows readers to realize that life has been harder for some people more than others. It is easy to forget what our ancestors had to experience in order for each individual to encounter freedom. It is now easy for men and women of all races to walk freely around their city. This however came at a price, and this type of literature allows human beings to read and experience in some small way what it was like to live in a world were the color of your skin as well as your sex had a lot to do with the quality of life you lived. American Literature will continue to play an important role in American people. The only way to enjoy this type of literature is to introduce our younger generations to it. This is theperfect   material needed to give to young readers so that they can value the lifestyle they are allowed to live today. It is up to us to keep this tradition alive so that our future generation can enjoy it as well. Reference Michael Hames-Garcia. (2003). Which America is ours? Marti’s â€Å"Truth† and the foundations of â€Å"American literature†. Modern Fiction Studies, 49(1), 19-53. Retrieved October 25, 2009, from Research Library. (Document ID: 328665241). Yonjae Jung. (2004). The New Americanist Intervention into the Canon. American Studies International, 42(2/3), 213-225. Retrieved October 26, 2009, from Research Library. (Document ID: 676208971).

In God We Trust and the First Amendment essays

In God We Trust and the First Amendment essays There might be contentions in some sectors of the American society that putting the In God We Trust phase in U.S. currencies violates the First Amendment rights which states that: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances (The United States Constitution). But if the amendment is carefully dissected, it states a general clause that tempers the government from prohibiting the free and democratic exercise of believing in a supreme deity. It does not specifically promote or condone a particular religious sect or faith but rather gives a universal perspective of practicing ones beliefs provided one religious belief does not curtail the practice of another. The In God we Trust phrase can also apply to any religious group because the term God can be interpreted as a generic term for a supreme being believed by any religious group. Indeed, there is the separation of the Church and the State in the United States, and putting the In God We Trust does not uphold any particular religious organization but rather gives a sweeping idealistic notion that the political government of the United States promotes freedom of ones chosen religion but will not specifically represent any one specific religion. Thus, if I were to give a final judgment on whether the In God We Trust phrase violates the First Amendment, I would surely say it does not in the general sense because it simply expounds on the Founding Fathers belief in a supreme deity without getting into specifics. Only if a particular group challenges my judgment or complains that the phrase is actually a connotation that supports religion or is against the concept of separation of the Church and the State will I take at second look at the ...

Importance of Human Rights Watch Group Assignment

Importance of Human Rights Watch Group - Assignment Example This article analyzes why this team has been effective and what managers can learn from the human rights watch group. The organization with its headquarters in New York has branches in different countries around the globe. It has employed experts from different fields such as journalism, law and others who work in ensuring that rights of people are upheld. The different experts add their skills as team players and this ensures success in the programs that the organization develops. Because of the unity of purpose of members of the team despite being from different countries, the organization is able to achieve major developments in safeguarding people’s rights. The organization relies on finances donated by people. It has so far developed effective programs that fight the violation of rights such as children rights as it fights against child labor. It has also sought to fight for the rights of minority groups such as gay rights, rights of people living with HIV/ AIDS and women rights. Because the organization fights against rights violations, it has had opposition from the different government. Nevertheless, the activities of the human right watch have been very instrumental in the development of policies that ensure people enjoy their freedom and human rights (Human Rights Watch 2009). The group has contributed greatly to the elimination of capital punishment around the globe. What managers can learn from this team is that cohesion and unity of purpose are important ensuring the success of a team. Although a company may have different goals that it needs to achieve, it should group them and prioritize the most important one. The Human Rights Watch has divided its activities into different programs. This division ensures that focus is directed to one activity and this avoids confusions and improves efficiency. Moreover, it is  crucial for a business to employ experts in the different field as a way of increasing efficiency. The Human Rights Watch can owe its success form having a pool of experts from the different field that offer the best advice (Human Rights Watch 2001).  

Labor realations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Labor realations - Assignment Example However, CLC preferred to disagree with the proposal as CAW was supposed to one of the biggest private union segment and agreeing to the request of SEIW was expected to trigger certain problems for CLC in terms of privilege support and other benefits related to labor (Niemeijer, 2000). With reference to the above context, it can be stated that the dispute between the SEIW and CAW acted as a certain form of threat for the labor unity and solidarity to union democracy as well. The disagreement was considered more of a threat as CAW was one of the largest local labor union of Canada which involved the support of 234,000 members. In relation to this fact, banning the members of CAW from CLC entailed the possibility of creating certain problems for every labor union which included lack of support in response to the undertaken circumstances, privileges provided by the government and the rise of other unions among others (Niemeijer, 2000). The disagreements among the labor unions such as the dispute between SEIU and CAW can lead to various problems within the nations while acting or performing in favor of the labor rights. The problems which can trigger in relation to the labor union disputes can be identified as lack of unity among the unions present within the nations while dealing with similar problems and assisting the labors of the organizations with benefits and rights as specified in the labor laws. Furthermore, the disputes of labor union can prevent the government of the nation from taking interest in the problems related to labor (Pierce, & Bentham, 2007). Discuss The Issue Of National Autonomy From International Parent Union. How Might Canadian Locals Protect Their National Autonomy While Still Enjoying The Benefits Of Membership In A Large, International Union? The issue of national autonomy from international parent union can be identified in terms of the assistance provided by